Thank you Osama


Subject: New Link Migration Plan
Date: Wed, 10 Feb 1999 15:34:40 +0307
From: Rayed Al-Rashed < *****@kacst.edu.sa>
Organization: KACST
To: *****@kaau.edu.sa, *****@kfupm.edu.sa, *****@ksu.edu.sa, *****@ksu.edu.sa, *****@uqu.edu.sa

-----------------------------------------------
Rayed Al-Rashed
Internet Services Unit
King abdullaziz City for Science and Technology
-----------------------------------------------


The test performed using “ab” tool, 1000 requests with 5 concurrent clients:
$ ab -c 5 -n 1000 http://localhost/test

My notes on installing and configuring PostgreSQL on Ubuntu Linux.

PostgreSQL is used by many large web sites and services, including Skype, Reddit, Instagram, “.org” registerer, check longer list here Prominent Users

Best of all it isn’t owned by anyone, not Oracle nor anyone else!

• Installing PostgreSQL:
  $ sudo aptitude install postgresql
• If you want to allow access from outside, first you need to listen to all IP instead of “localhost” only:
  $ sudo vi /etc/postgresql/8.4/main/postgresql.conf
:
listen_addresses = '*'
:
  and allow connecting:
  $ sudo vi /etc/postgresql/8.4/main/postgresql.conf
:
host all all 10.0.0.0/24 md5
:
• You can start, stop, restart using the commands:
  $ sudo /etc/init.d/postgresql-8.4 stop
• To connect as Postgres superuser, type:
  $ sudo -u postgres psql
psql (8.4.11)
Type "help" for help.
postgres=#
  Notice the “#” which means superuser, superuser can do anything!
• From “psql” create a new database using:
  postgres=# CREATE DATABASE rayed;
CREATE DATABASE
postgres=# \c rayed
psql (8.4.11)
You are now connected to database "rayed".
rayed=#
  “\c” is used to switch database, notice the prompt changed to “rayed” the name of the database.
• Let’s create a new table:
  rayed=# CREATE TABLE users (
"user_id" SERIAL,
"email" TEXT,
"firstname" TEXT,
"lastname" TEXT,
"password" TEXT,
PRIMARY KEY ("user_id")
);
  “SERIAL” is a short cut, it will create a database “sequence”, read about it is important, and if you are lazy it is an AUTO_INCREMENT field in MySQL. Let’s see what we have created so far:
  rayed=# \d
List of relations
Schema | Name | Type | Owner
--------+-------------------+----------+----------
public | users | table | postgres
public | users_user_id_seq | sequence | postgres
(2 rows)
  Notice the auto created sequence, cool huh!
  Try also: “\d+”, “\d users”, “\d+ users”.
• To see a list of databse on the system try “\l”:
  rayed=# \l
List of databases
Name | Owner | Encoding | Collation | Ctype | Access privileges
-----------+----------+----------+------------+------------+-----------------------
postgres | postgres | UTF8 | en_US.utf8 | en_US.utf8 |
rayed | postgres | UTF8 | en_US.utf8 | en_US.utf8 |
template0 | postgres | UTF8 | en_US.utf8 | en_US.utf8 | =c/postgres
: postgres=CTc/postgres
template1 | postgres | UTF8 | en_US.utf8 | en_US.utf8 | =c/postgres
: postgres=CTc/postgres
(4 rows)
  You will notice we have 4 databases:
  • postgres: This is where the schema for everything is stored, I think! NEED CHECKING
  • rayed: the new database we created.
  • template1: This an empty template database, whenever you create a new database it will be created from this one, you can even change this database to include any custom objects to be copied to new databases.
  • template0: Another template DB, this one shouldn’t be touched, it will be used to create new DB for restoring backups.
• We will create user named “rayed”, and allow it to login:
  rayed=# CREATE ROLE rayed LOGIN;
rayed=# \du
List of roles
Role name | Attributes | Member of
-----------+-------------+-----------
postgres | Superuser | {}
: Create role
: Create DB
rayed | | {}
  Now I can login to “psql” directly from my account.
• User with a password:
  rayed=# ALTER ROLE rayed WITH PASSWORD 'my_pass_word';
  Now if you try to login from bash:
  $ psql
  Didn’t ask for a password!!! This because we set “pg_hba.conf” to use “ident” service and not passwords for local connections, to fix this we add:
  $ sudo vi /etc/postgresql/8.4/main/pg_hba.conf
:
local all postgres ident
local all all md5
:
$ sudo /etc/init.d/postgresql-8.4 restart
$ psql
Password for user rayed:
  The changes we made to “pg_hba.conf” as follow, “postgres” is authenticated using “ident” service, other users should use “md5″ password, order of the lines are important!
• Let’s try to insert data to our “users” table:
  rayed=> INSERT INTO users (email) VALUES('rayed@rayed.com');
ERROR: permission denied for relation users
  Permission is denied because we created the database “rayed” and the table “users” from “postgres” account, and by default the creator will be the owner, we need to change the owner, from superuser (i.e. postgres) type:
  rayed=# ALTER TABLE users OWNER TO rayed;
ALTER TABLE
rayed=# ALTER SEQUENCE users_user_id_seq OWNER TO rayed;
ALTER SEQUENCE
  Try inserting again, voila!
• Connecting from PHP now, try the example from http://www.php.net/manual/en/pgsql.examples-basic.php, make sure you install PHP PostgreSQL module:
  $ sudo aptitude install php5-pgsql
  Make sure you change the database name, username, and password.

• جريدة الرياض
• جريدة الاقتصادية
• WireFilter
• حسابي في تويتر
• حسابي في فليكر

روابط ذات علاقة

انضم لفريقنا We Are Hiring

Atarti 800 XL

MSX

جامعة جورج واشنطن George Washington University
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Washington_University

Python a language is really great language, easy to read and understand, and very easy to learn, but for me I always found setting up Python for web development as a challenge, socially if compare it to PHP, which almost works out of the box, actually most people think PHP works only in the web server and can’t work as stand alone application, search for PHP CLI if you are interested.

I will try here to document an easy Django deployment for my future reference and hopefully it will help others:

Step 1: Install virtualenv

virtualenv is a tool to create isolated Python environments, by default if you install a new Python package it will be install under /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages, but what happen if you don’t have root access in a shared environment for example, or what if you want to install 2 versions of the same package, may be try a newer version.

For these cases you need virtualenv, it will allow you to create your own unique Python environment (or many if you want) where you have your own packages, binaries, and scripts. You can even have multiple environments, wach one with its own packages and versions.

So let’s install it (this step need root access, ask your admin to install it for you if you don’t have root):

$ sudo pip install virtualenv
# or ...
$ sudo aptitude install python-virtualenv


Next we will create a new virtual environment “myenv”:

$ virtualenv myenv


To activate it type:

$ source myenv/bin/activate
(myenv)$


You will notice that the prompt changed now to include “(myenv)”, this mean you are now inside the virtual enviroument, any thing you install from now on will be install inside it (it is just a directory called “myenv” feel free to explore it), to leave the environment use the command “deactivate”.

Step 2: Installing Django

Make sure you the “myvirt” is active (from the prompt) and install Django using the following command:

(myenv)$ pip install Django


That is it, we’ve installed Django … Thank you for your attention

Next we will setup a new Django website, I will use the following directory structure:

$ /home/rayed # my home directory
$ /home/rayed/site1 # my website files and directories
$ /home/rayed/site1/myenv # virtual environment created from previous step
$ /home/rayed/site1/mysite # Django created project
$ /home/rayed/site1/www # Static files, images, css, js, etc ...


So here are the commands for easy reference:

$ cd ~
$ mkdir -p site1/www
$ cd site1
site1$ virtualenv myenv
site1$ source myenv/bin/activate
(myenv)site1$ pip install Django
(myenv)site1$ django-admin.py startproject mysite
(myenv)site1$ cd mysite
(myenv)site1/mysite$ python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8000
:
this will start dev server CTRL+C to stop
you can access it http://localhost:8000/
:
(myenv)site1/mysite$ vi mysite/settings.py # this will setup the database
(myenv)site1/mysite$ python manage.py syncdb # this will install basic DB tables


Step 3: GUnicorn

For production website you will not use Django development web server, we will use gunicorn, a Python WSGI HTTP Server, it will responsible for running all Django code.


# while inside "myenv" install guincorn
(myenv)$ pip install gunicorn
# and run Django
(myenv)$ cd ~/site1/mysite
(myenv) site1/mysite$ gunicorn_django -b 0.0.0.0:8000

Try it out http://localhost:8000/

Step 4: Install supervisor (optional)

We will use supervisor to keep an eye on “gunicorn”, and restart it automatically if it fails, it will also start it automatically when you restart the machine.


$ sudo aptitude install supervisor
$ cat > /etc/supervisor/conf.d/gunicorn.conf
[program:gunicorn]
command=/home/rayed/site1/myenv/bin/gunicorn_django
directory=/home/rayed/site1/mysite/
user=nobody
autostart=true
autorestart=true
redirect_stderr=True
[EOF]
$ sudo supervisorctl update
$ sudo supervisorctl restart gunicorn

Note: by default gunicorn will listen to 127.0.0.1:8000, you can change using the argument “-b 0.0.0.0:8000″

Step 5: Integrating gunicorn with Apache

gunicorn is a web server, so why do we need Apache? you ask, two reasons:
1- It can’t handle slow clients (browsers).
2- It can’t handle static files (images, css, js).

The basic idea is to serve static files directly from (img|css|js|media) and proxy everything else to “gunicorn”, here is how:

$ sudo a2enmod proxy_http # enable Apache HTTP proxy module (Ubuntu & Debian)
$ sudo apache2ctl restart
$ cd ~site1/www
site1/www$ cat > .htaccess
RewriteEngine on
RewriteCond $1 !^(img|css|js|robots\.txt|media)
RewriteRule ^(.*) http://localhost:8000/$1 [P]
[EOF]


Make sure only “www” directory is accessible from the web, and not “mysite”! your Django code and setting, including the DB username and password will be exposed.

A sample Apache virtual host configuration:

<virtualhost *:80>
ServerName site1.rayed.com
DocumentRoot /home/rayed/site1/www
</virtualhost>


You can also replace Apache with Nginx which is usually faster with static files.

MENOG is also a great opportunity to get quality education, this time they have 2 workshops one about “DNS Operations & DNSSEC Deployment”, and another one about “IPv6 for ISPs”, the workshop is 5 days training.
MENOG 10 Workshops

So here some sample pages:
The Big Book of Monsters

Hope you enjoy it!

If you have an idea for a monster and you want me to draw please leave a comment, or if you have other ideas for father and son activity/book let me know

Short summary only 8.9% of sites are hosted locally, and only 4.9% have “.sa” domain.

The Report

Please have a look and tell me how can I improve it.

I am very excited to try all the components, so far I am still with LED and buttons, looking for moving my first servo and of course my first robot

Features
(1) MakerShield (Prototyping shield)
(1) Mini Breadboard
(2) Micro Servos
(1) LCD Screen 16×2
(2) Force-Sensitive Resistor
(1) 9V Battery Case w/Plug
(1) Component Storage Box
(1) Deluxe Jumper Wire Pack
(1) Full-Size Clear Breadboard
(2) Protoboard 7×9
(1) Heat Shrink Tubing
(10) 330 Ohm Resistors
(10) 10K Ohm Resistors
(10) 1K Ohm Resistors
(10) 10nF Ceramic Capacitors
(10) 100nF Ceramic Capacitors
(5) 100uF Electrolytic Capacitors
(3) 5mm RGB LED
(5) Basic Green LEDs
(5) Basic Red LEDs
(2) Tilt Sensor
(5) Mini Pushbuttons
(3) DPDT Switches
(2) Photo Resistors
(2) Thermistors
(1) Rotary Potentiometer
(1) Transistor NPN
(1) Diode
(1) 8Ohm Speaker with Leads
(1) Piezo Buzzer
(3) 8-Pin Stackable Female Headers
(5) 8-Pin Female Headers
(2) 40-Pin Male Breakaway Headers
(1) 6-Pin Stackable Female Header
(1) 40-Pin Male Breakaway Dual-Headers
(1) Mini DC Motor
(1) Vibration Motor

• Arduino: $15, Atmel AVR, microcontroller.
• Pinguino: $24, PIC, microcontroller.
• Netduino: $35, ARM, Microsoft .Net!, Atmel 32-bit microcontroller.
• Raspberry Pi: $25, ARM, Microprocessor, SoC, Good Video (HDMI), Linux.
• Teensy: $16, Amel AVR, Microcontroller, Tiny.
• BeagleBoard: $89, ARM, Ethernet, 2GB MicroSD, Linux.